Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Describe experimental approaches to distinguish between competitive Essay

Describe experimental approaches to distinguish between competitive inhibitors and non competitive inhibitors and discuss the i - Essay Example These drugs potentially target those enzymes that are responsible for proliferation of cancer cells (Nelson, 2008). Enzyme inhibitors diminish the enzyme's capability to combine with the substrate. They reduce the enzyme's catalytic actions. There are two kinds of inhibitors: 1. Reversible inhibitors: They are the agents or molecules that separate from the enzyme. They are competitive, that compete with the substrate to gain access to the active site of the enzyme, it lowers the KM and reduces the reaction velocity (Nelson, 2008). Mixed inhibitor reduces apparent substrate binding ability of the enzyme. Thus it alters the chemical nature of active site. They are capable of binding with ES complex and thus reduce the substrate binding ability of enzyme. Mixed inhibitors can either reduce or enhance the KM or diminish Vmax (Nelson, 2008). Non-competitive inhibitor is not influenced by E or ES. It binds with both with same affinity. Non-competitive inhibitors decrease the Vmax while kee p the KM unchanged. 2. Irreversible inhibitors: They are the molecules or agents that do not get detached from the enzyme or from the active site of enzymes, thereby they does not allow the substrate to combine with the enzyme. Thus they bind to the enzyme tightly or permanently, inactivating the enzyme. E.g. Male baldness drug Propecia.

Monday, October 28, 2019

Effects that plants growing in overcrowded conditions

Effects that plants growing in overcrowded conditions This report is examining the effects that plants growing in overcrowded conditions go through and what affects overcrowding has on seedlings making comparisons to plants which have been grown in normal/ideal special conditions. It also includes literature research into the different methods which are used for the growth of plants in both commercial settings and private setting and which method suits this investigation s purposes best. It gives results in both observational and quantitative ways and explains/gives definitions for words that may not have been understood. Introduction: This is an investigation to discover what happens to a plant population of germinating seeds that are grown in overcrowded conditions compared to the germination of seeds that are grown in an area where they are sufficient nutrients, space and light. Literature research: Terms: Germination the beginning of growth for a seed , the beginnings of a new plant 1 Loam soil soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentration. Loam soils generally contain more nutrients and humus than sandy soils, have better infiltration and drainage than silty soils, and are easier to till than clay soils. Loams are gritty, moist, and retain water easily. 2 Horticulture the industry and science of plant cultivation including the process of preparing soil for the planting of seeds, tubers, or cuttings. 3 Overcrowding when the number of organisms exceed the carrying capacity of an area (in this investigation it will be the soil) 4 Vermiculite any of a group micaceous hydrated silicate minerals related to the chlorites and used in heat-expanded form as insulation and as a planting medium. 5 Hydroponics the cultivation of plants in a nutrient-rich solution, rather than in soil, and under controlled conditions of light, temperature, and humidity. Also called aquaculture. 6 Ideal germination conditions for 3 plant species: 1. Radish (Raphanus sativus) sandy loam soil that has been tilled is ideal for germination and growth, seeds need to be planted at the write depth for the seed to germinate properly, 1cm for small radishes and 4cm for large radishes. Will germinate between 3 and 7 days and is ready for harvesting in about 4 weeks. 2. Pea (Pisum sativum) soak the seed in water for about 4 hours before planting it, plant the seeds in rows. The seeds should be planted about 2cm deep between 6 -8 cm apart. Water them daily as they require lots and use organic mulch. 3. California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) sow in soil that is in full sun, these poppies like soil that is of a poor soil condition. Sow directly onto the soil and then dig the seeds in and add water and germination will begin within a few days. Germination methods used by horticulturalists Method Pro s Con s Growth in cotton wool Can observe the germination process easily The roots become entangled in the cotton wool and it may become difficult to remove the seed from the cotton wool Growth in vermiculite Adds nutrients to the plants environment Holds water very well so that plants don t experience a shortage Research shows no disadvantages Hydroponics No soil is needed Nutrient levels in the water are control for each type of plant Stable and large yields of plants No major pest problems Plants may become infected with Verticillium wilt due to the high moisture levels Water and nutrient costs may be expensive Evidence and measurement of growth in plants: Measuring the space between the internodes of along the stem of the plant Measuring the size of the leaves, by measuring the length of the leaves along its mid vein to the node where it connects to the stem Counting the number of leaves on the plant Checking the weight of the plant (will not be used in this investigation as it requires a large number of plants and will result in plants being removed from the soil so that they can be weighted, this will most likely result in the death of the plant.). Possible effects of overcrowding: Radish size of the root (part which is harvested) will be greatly reduced, size of the leaves will be small and few leaves will be present, very tall stems. Pea reduced size and number of leaves, flowering rate will be reduced, pods will be greatly reduced in size California poppy lives very well in malnourished soil and in overcrowded conditions How may overcrowding be overcome by the plant? Will grow tall thin stems and try to grow higher than other plants, roots system will be very small. Stems as a result of being tall and thin are unable to support the weight of the leaves and the plant collapses. Horticulturalists solve the problem of overcrowding by providing the plants with sufficient resources that they require for grow. They also remove the plants from the greenhouses before them become too big. If overcrowding does occur they separate the plants and give them sufficient space, they will also dispose of any weak plants that will not grow properly. Investigation: Hypothesis: The overcrowded plants will develop weak stems and their growth rates will be hampered due to lack of nutrients. Aim: To investigate the effects of overcrowding on germinating seeds and the effects of overcrowding on the growth of seedlings. Variables: Independent variable the number of radish seeds planted in each seedling tray. Dependent variable the growth of the plants in terms of their stem length and size of their leaves. Fixed variables the size of the seedlings trays must be the same size, the amount of soil placed in the seedling trays is filled to the same point, the amount of water given to each seedling tray must be equal in this case 500ml every 2nd day. Apparatus: Two seedling trays Potting soil Radish seeds Ruler/measuring tape Water Camera Method: Fill two equally sized seedling trays with sand to the same point. Moisten the soil and prepare it for planting the seeds. Using Radish seeds, plant 9 seeds in the 1st tray using the conditions indicated on the back of the seeds packaging then in the 2nd tray plant at least 45 seeds in close proximity to each other. Once seeds have been planted place the trays in a hot house Once germination has taken place and the plants have begun growing out of the soil measure the length of the stem and the length of the mid-vein in the leaves every 4 days. Measure the growth of the plants over a period of 40 days Results: Observations: Seeds were plant the 26th January 2011 After 2 days the soil began to lift in the overcrowded tray On the 3rd day the seedling were beginning to emerge from the soil in the overcrowded tray On the 5th day the seedling in the ideal conditions tray began to emerge from the soil The overcrowded seedlings grew at a very fast rate in comparison to the ideal conditions seedling The growth rate of the overcrowded population plants slowed down where as the ideal conditions population plants grew at a steady rate On the night of the 15th of February 2011 the majority of the ideal conditions plant population s and some the overcrowded plants population s where eaten, possibly by slugs Seedling trays were removed from the hot house so that they remain plants would survive and so the damaged ones could recover Damaged plant s stems began to shrink as the secondary leaves were getting ready to grow, once the secondary leaves had begun to grow larger and the plants were receiving food from being able to photosynthesis again, the stems began growing taller again In the overcrowded tray the smaller plants stopped growing and the larger plants began to go limp as their stems became too long and too thin to support the weight of the leaves Some of the overcrowded plants began to experience their leaves going yellow and the plants starting to die off due to lack of resources See appendix figure 4 for picture of leaves yellowing Quantitative results: For tables of results see appendix Figure 1 Figure 2 Discussion: The length of the leaves in the ideal conditions plant population on the 16th day was so low compared to the leaves length on the 12th day due to the leaves having been eaten two days earlier by suspected to be slugs. The greater growth rate experienced in the overcrowded plant population in the first few days was most likely caused by chemical released by the seeds to encourage growth and as they are in such close proximity and there are so many it may cause them to have an overload of the chemical resulting the extremely fast initial growth rate. Conclusion: The overcrowded plants grew at faster rate than that of the ideal conditions plants yet the overcrowded plants became weak very quickly and as a result weaker plants remained small or died and taller plants grew flimsy. The ideal plants grew to be stronger and healthier plants despite that they were partially eaten.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Lloyds TSB - Employment :: Business and Management Studies

Lloyds TSB - Employment The employees of a business are extremely important to their success. If a company's workforce is functioning efficiently then costs can be cut, customer complaints will be reduced or handled with better answers. If someone is enjoying his work, that they feel they are going somewhere within the company. Things such as incentives will improve the quality of the staffs' service. Quality is always needed, if a company gets well known for it's excellent quality then it is on the road to success. As long as the company is able to at least break even. Lloyds TSB is a bank where they are trying to revolutionise banking. In recent years ATM machines have been brought in to most major streets in England. People rarely need to go into the banks these days, so the need for employees in the banks has been reduced. However, Lloyds TSB still has a large amount of employees and stakeholders in Britain. Social Marketing It is now widely agreed that companies need to have a more active approach towards their relationships with the parts of the community they serve. This is known as corporate social responsibility and centres on trying to show a positive commitment to its stakeholders and society. Social marketing is a new version of the traditional marketing systems and concentrates on:  · producing the right products  · producing at the right time  · producing in the right place  · producing at the right price But to these it adds a social dimension. It means that corporate investment will not only promote business objectives - it will also support the community within which these objectives are aimed. The golden rules of social marketing: 1. Reflect the core values of your brands. So any causes the product is related to must be obvious to consumers and must have a visible truth factor attached. 2. Consumers must see a balance between commercial and social benefits. Customers accept the profit motive but also like to see a community benefit coming from an enterprise. 3. Keep to a single, frequently expressed, theme/image. By sticking to one socially responsible image the consumers will begin to relate the company with that issue. 4. Integrate the social theme into every part of the corporation. 5. Involve customers and employees. A successful social marketing strategy connects the employees with the customers by developing common themes. Frequent questioning of both parts of the target audience is essential. Success in handling the above will assist in the;

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Heritage Doll company Essay

I agree with Apex to attain full compliance with SOX. As you know about Apex is private company and will be seeking for new external funding to expansion into a new segment of the printing sector therefore, the new investors are needed for them because they have to access capital market to raise money for the expansion to a lot invest in equipment as well as substract inventory and adding more promotional costs thus they have to going publics and this is a time decision for them because it will be forever changes how Apex goes through doing their business so a Initial Public Offering (IPO) has access to more and deeper of information, sources of capital than a private company thus they needed the 1st thing to align with SOX by going to public. Apex need to assess their readiness for stable sustain as a public company by requires all management to be prepare to meet shareholder and market expectations and address ongoing compliance and regulatory requirements, operational effectiveness, risk management, periodic reporting and investor relations. The one of preparation if Apex established the necessary financial statement integrity through the implementation of effective internal control system to support management’s reporting obligations as a public company they needed to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 (SOX) for successful to going public. Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 (SOX) According to PricewaterhouseCoopers mentioned about SOX that it is current regulatory and disclosure issues if company will transform to IPO should consider the following: Internal Controls: Sarbanes-Oxley requires a management representatives are CEO and CFO to provide certain certifications in periodic with the Securities and exchange Commission (SEC) Audit committee: Sarbanes-Oxley requires public company to have set up audit committee by one of team have to expert in financial skill. Board of Director: Require external expert  = member from other company. Auditor relationship: Require company have to clarify their existing relationship with their outside audit firm. Code of ethics: Requires a code of ethics for senior financial officer. Loan to company executives: Prohibits public company from maintaining credit in the form of a personal loan. One of the advantages when they focus on SOX404 is that it forces company to think pro-actively, identify risks, document an assess existing controls and then design new preventive or detective controls. Moreover, Connor from Corporate Responsibility Magazine mentioned that SOX has benefited their company because of the recently proposed management guidance from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board’s (PCAOB) to improve efficiency and quality over the long term. Therefore, Apex needed to comply with SOX by going to public aimed to expansion business to other operation and adding more investor. This benefit for Apex to comply this standards. References: Connors, T. SOX Benefits. Retrieved from http://www.thecro.com/node/400 Medeiros, M. (2013). Preparing for SOX 404(b) and an IPO. Retrieved from http://www.wolfandco.com/solutions/insights/602-preparing_for_sox_404_b_and_an_ipo/view PricewaterhouseCoopers. Roadmap for an IPO. Retrieved from http://www.pwc.com/us/en/transaction-services/assets/roadmap-for-an-ipo-a-guide-to-going-public.pdf

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Dc V. Heller Essay

Winter Honors Civics & Economics B-1 Case name: DC V. Heller A controversial topic came about in the year of 2008. It was concerning whether or not DC’s gun law was following along the lines of the Second Amendment Rights. A man by the name of Dick Anthony Heller was a special police officer and had gone in to register for a handgun for his home. The true underlying issue was whether or not the rights were protected under the Second Amendments which states: The right to bear arms. The uprising stipulation in the District of Columbia is that they have a state law that concerns the registration of a handgun. When looking into further depth of the law the following things must be adhered to in the stipulations of having a hand gun. It states that in order to have a registered handgun it must be â€Å"†¦unloaded and disassembled or bound by a trigger unless they are being used for lawful recreational activities or located in a place of business. â€Å"DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA v. HELLER. † n. pag. SIRS Government Reporter. Web. 24 Jan 2013. ) When the case was first taken up before it came to the Supreme Court, in the lower court system the verdict was dismissed until it was later reversed. The two court systems that herd the case before the Supreme Court were the Courts of Appeals and the district court. The arraignments for the plaintiff were; Dick Anthony Heller was dismissed for another four years until it was taken up again. In the arraignments for the Defendants â€Å"†¦DC found that the challenge to the constitution and its validity was without merit †¦Ã¢â‚¬  It seems as if they were trying to throw salt on the technicality of what the Constitution says in Amendment two and the right to bear arms. In the end what the plaintiff really wanted were his rights to be acknowledged, being that it’s in the constitution and he was a police officer at the time. As well as he wants to be able to have a gun in his house for protection as most people would want. In the lower court systems had voted against what the plaintiff had brought forth as evidence. When it was finally hear in the Supreme Court the case was ruled in favor of the plaintiff. Justice Stevens wrote majority of the decision by stating that the Second Amendment is given to everyone that is a citizen of the United States and that right can’t be taken away to a certain extent. There were concurrent opinions that were made by Justice Stevens who said if things are within our rights then we should be able to obtain them and use them to the fullest extent of our abilities. District of Columbia v. Heller a? â€Å" Case Brief Summary. † Lawnix Free Case Briefs RSS. N. p. , Fall 2008. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. ) The dissenting arguments of opinion came from Stephen Breyer, who stated that the second amendment is only for militia related ordeals and not a matter of being used as self defense. Heller at the time was a special police officer so therefore it was really questionab le on why the lower court verdict had made such a big deal out of the entire situation. The majority opinion was in favor of the plaintiff who wanted to register for a hand gun in the first place for the protection of his home. The importance of the case was that a man was being withheld his legal rights that are stated under the second amendment. It showed as well that a state law can be overturned by a higher government system. This case specifically was a major part of the Constitution because it showed a prime example of states trying to withhold the rights that we have as citizens. It brings light to the different things that certain state governments try to bring down and cover up.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Canadian Autonomy †Government Essay

Canadian Autonomy – Government Essay Free Online Research Papers Canadian Autonomy was the product of the evolution of Canadian Nationalism and the development of a desire to become independent from Britain. At one time Canada was nothing more than a British colony and the only pride felt by Canadian residents was the pride in being a British subject. Over time and with the guidance of Prime Ministers like Sir Wilfrid Laurier, this began to change and a distinct Canadian identity surfaced. Canadas Autonomy was not something debated on in parliament as an issue in itself, but rather something that came together as a complete picture because of other smaller acheivements and advancements: The Boer War was a British was fought in South Africa. It was purely an excuse for Britain to exert some military might and show the world that she was still the worlds greatest military power. Britain asked Canada for a contribution to the war effort. The Prime Minister at the time, Sir Wilfrid Laurier was an advocate for Canadian Nationalism and a French-Canadian. As a nationalist, Laurier saw no reason in sending Canadian troops into a war which was being fought despite the lack of any threat whatsoever from the South Africans. As a French-Canadian, Laurier shared the same disinclination to help the English as his French-speaking countrymen. He, the French-Canadians, English-speaking labourists, and the farmers of Canada all did not feel it was necessary to send any troops. The majority of Canadian citizens still felt a deep kinship with Britain however, and Laurier was forced to allow for a volunteer force to be trained and sent to South Africa. On arrival they would be the expense of Britain, and would serve under a British commander, but would be distinct Canadian units. As Canadas first expeditionary force they were ill-equipped and poorly trained and yet they still garnered a reputation as a respectable military outfit. The return home of the Boer Wars Canadian participants sparked the creation of four new organizations: the Army Service corps, the Army Medical corps, the Corps of Signals, and the Ordinance corps. Hesitation at being asked to participate in the Boer War served to distance Canada in Britain. Also, the volunteer force of roughly 1000 troops was less than Britain expected. Military service in the Boer War left Canada with a stronger, more able military and the experience of overseas combat, preparation for when Canada might actu ally have to defend itself. The early 20th century affair of the Alaska Boundary Dispute between Canada and the United States was another part of the struggle for Canadian Autonomy. The dispute was over who controlled the Alaska Panhandle. This couldnt be agreed upon, so it was decided that a tribunal would judge who was entitled. The tribunal, composed of three Americans, two Canadians, and an Englishman came to a four to two conclusion that the U.S. owned the rights to the Panhandle. The three Americans and the Brit voted for the U.S. and the two Canadians voted for Canada. Canada, feeling betrayed, had assumed that the British vote would for sure be cast for Canada. This was not the case as Britain thought little about the wants of the colony and, more of its need for American steel. Canada, a growing but still insignificant military power would have a place in the onslaught of World War I. Prime Minister Laurier didnt know this, still he knew that any country with coastline can make good use of a navy. Flanked with two great oceans, Canada had no navy. This folly was reasoned through a British patrol that guarded Canadian ports. Canada would have a navy though, for when Britain began a naval arms race with Germany, she recalled ships dispatched throughout the world. Where there hadnt been any, support sprouted for a Canadian navy. When an opportunity appeared, Laurier jumped. Britain asked Canada for thirty million dollars to aid in construction of new dreadnought ships. Laurier proposed that Canada receive two old British cruisers in return for the payment. Britain accepted and Canada gained the beginnings of a navy. The two facets of autonomous function that make themselves known in Canadas development, independence from a mother country and the ability to make independent military contributions to peace-keeping or world-safety insuring campaigns are definitely the most important and most effective when altering the state of a country. The effort put forth by Canada in World Wars I II as well as the trials of the Great Depression did a lot to build Canadian confidence in the self and in the countrys stability. Pride in Canadas armed forces, hockey teams, and the Cultural Mosaic we live in all form a basis for Canadian Nationalism in the presence of which it is impossible to have this be country that still looks up the flag to see the Union Jack. Research Papers on Canadian Autonomy - Government EssayQuebec and CanadaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Assess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Bringing Democracy to AfricaThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy

Monday, October 21, 2019

5 Publishing Lessons I Learned Working With a Professional Marketer

5 Publishing Lessons I Learned Working With a Professional Marketer 5 Publishing Lessons I Learned Working With a Professional Marketer As a life-long fan of classic science fiction as well as emerging new voices from the genre, Fabrice Stephan's underlying passion is the exploration of technology through fiction, which he shares in his latest novel, Human Starpilots. In this post, he talks about the five biggest lessons he learned about publishing by working with a professional marketer.For indie authors, it’s a no-brainer that publishing is a challenge. Where you work as a teacher, in business, or any other trade, selling books is a brand new world.Anyone who’s already been through the process will tell you that writing is only half the work, while editing, publishing, and marketing makes the other half. Some publishing books might give you a â€Å"fool proof† recipe for success. And on some account, they are right: publishing a book on Amazon or other platforms is easy and fast. But once your book is up there, you’re lost in a crowd of other writers who have little to no sales. There mi ght not be a cost in publishing your book on Amazon, but, in this case there’s no gain, either.This was the point I had reached when I turned to Reedsy to find a professional marketer. I had published two nonfiction books and was in the process of publishing my new science fiction novel. The first two had been downloaded about 200 times, but hadn’t received any reviews or ratings - nice but limited progress that I had achieved using both Kindle Countdown Deals and price promotions via different websites. I wanted to give my third novel more of a chance to reach people.So I turned to Reedsy with a clear request in mind: I wanted professional help with launching my book. And I also wanted to learn more about the trade of book marketing in general. I found marketer Mark Leslie Lefebvre, who met my needs exactly and who went above and beyond my expectations in regards to showing me the ropes.Let’s take a tour of some of the lessons I learned along the way. Is working with a professional marketer worth it for indie authors? Join the discussion here. Lesson 1: Patience is a virtueWhen it comes to promoting your book, what you need to do is engage in consistent, small-scale promotional efforts that earn you as much money as they cost - and then to increase your investments as you make progress.In this way, promoting your book is a game of patience - and requires you to set lots of long-term groundwork before you start earning profits. Those profits might not come with your first book. With the second book you publish, you will build on your author brand. With the third, you’ll have more to offer potential readers. With the fourth,   fifth, sixth, etc - you will continue to build upon (and reap rewards from) your promotional efforts.So be patient, and stick it out for the long haul.Lesson 2: Reviews are keyOf course, the more the merrier when it comes to finding readers. However, when you’re just getting started in your publishing career, you do also want to be strategic about who you’re marketing to so th at you can attract the right kind of readers: in other words, readers who enjoy your genre, who are already looking to read a book like yours, and who will, therefore, be more likely to leave a positive review.For example, someone who reads mostly militaristic sci fi might not be interested in pure adventure sci fi without any space battles. If you advertise to them and they’re let down by your book, you’re more likely to receive a negative review.That’s where refining your target market plays a big role, and Mark helped me do that in spades - as you’ll see in the next three points.Lesson 3: Your cover needs to provide key informationI don’t think I need to tell other indie authors how important a good cover is. What Mark stressed with me is that you don’t only want your cover to attract the attention of readers, but the right readers: the kind of readers who will enjoy your book and leave reviews. Therefore, your cover should immediately g ive readers an idea of your book’s genre and it’s story. Lesson 4: Get your author bio rightMark also helped me work on my author bio to make it more personal, professional, and informative.Before... I have been trained as an engineer and I work, by day, in computer science since 1996. I have already published technical books on computer science. Fan of science fiction, both of the great classics and of the new voices, this is my first full-fledged novel. I was born in the USA, I lived in France, Denmark and Australia and I have settled now in Macon, France, close to Burgundy with my wife and my two kids.After... Fabrice Stephan is an engineer and is the author of multiple technical books on computer science. As a life-long fan of classic science fiction as well as emerging new voices from the genre, his underlying passion is the exploration of technology through fiction, which he shares in his novel Human Starpilots.Partially inspired by the classic Robert Heinlein novel Have Spacesuit, Will Travel, Stephan’s debut novel Human Star pilots explores a future world, where, desperate to escape ecological disaster on earth, humankind’s fate relies on the investment in a unique and limited group of only six pilots capable of surviving the training of managing hyperspace jumps learned from a borrowed Alien technology.And, if the risks and challenges these brave pilots faces wasn’t enough, contact and collaboration with the Alien Federation begins to reveal even more surprises.When he is not exploring other worlds through science fiction, or computer technology through his work, Fabrice Stephan has traversed much of the globe. Born in the USA, he has lived in France, Denmark and Australia before settling in Macon, near the border of Burgundy, with his wife and two kids.Lesson 5: Your blurb should target your audienceMark and I also reworked my blurb to make it more efficient and direct, and to ensure it spoke to my target readers.Before... In 2130, Earth ecology is failing fast. Its inhabitants are dying and the governments are hard pressed to contain the disaster. So when an Alien Federation suddenly contacts Earth and offers assistance, everyone jumps on it. There are further surprises: those aliens prove, once their DNA analysed, to be distant cousin from us. The Federation will provide to Earth advanced technology and support against the climate change with a single condition: To trade among stars, they need pilots capable of managing hyperspace jumps and only rare humans have what it takes to survive the training and become one. To receive support, Earth has to find and provide starpilots to take its share of the load. After a careful selection, six are chosen to fly to the far away planet Adheek. There, they will try to learn their new trade. If they fail, Earth will collapse. If they succeed, it may have a chance. But no one has prepared them to what they will face to gain that chance.This debut novel was inspired by the classic â€Å"Have space suit, will travel† fro m R Heinlein and by the science-fiction work from LE Modesitt. It is a tale of adventure in a far land, of going beyond one’s own limits.After... Only augmented pilots can cross space. But at what cost? In 2130, Earth’s ecology is failing fast. Its inhabitants are dying and the governments are hard pressed to contain the disaster. An Alien Federation contacts Earth and offers assistance. We accept their offer to trade among the stars and receive their support. In exchange, they aliens, who prove to be distant cousins, need pilots capable of managing hyperspace jumps and only rare humans have the right genes and capacities to withstand them. After a careful selection, six are chosen to fly to the far away planet Adheek. There, they will compete with students from other planets to try and learn their new trade. If they fail, Earth will collapse. If they succeed, it may have a chance. But no one has prepared them to what they will face next. If you want to recapture that sense of wonder from reading Robert Heinlein’s â€Å"Have space suit, will travel† and the tale of adventure and going beyond one’s own limit from L.E. Modesitt Jr, then you won’t want to miss this thought provoking novel. The 5 major lessons I learned working a professional marketer. #indieauthor In the end, working with Mark totally changed my perspective on selling books. Time, consistency, targeting, focus, and forbearance - these are all elements you need. And only a professional can help you settle in the rhythm you need to survive the publishing world.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Weapons Used by Pirates

Weapons Used by Pirates Pirates of the Golden Age of Piracy, which lasted roughly from 1700-1725, employed a variety of weapons to carry out their high-seas thievery. These weapons were not unique to pirates but were also common on merchant and naval vessels at the time. Most pirates preferred not to fight, but when a fight was called for, the pirates were ready! Here are some of their favorite weapons. Cannons The most dangerous pirate ships were those with several mounted cannons - ideally, at least ten. Large pirate ships, such as Blackbeards Queen Annes Revenge or Bartholomew Roberts Royal Fortune had as many as 40 cannons on board, making them a match for any Royal Navy warship of the time. Cannons were very useful but somewhat tricky to use and required the attention of a master gunner. They could be loaded with large cannonballs to damage hulls, grapeshot or canister shot to clear decks of enemy sailors or soldiers, or chain shot (two small cannonballs chained together) to damage enemy masts and rigging. In a pinch, just about anything could be (and was) loaded into a cannon and fired: nails, bits of glass, rocks, scrap metal, etc. Hand Weapons Pirates tended to favor lightweight, quick weapons which could be used in close quarters after boarding. Belaying pins are small bats used to help secure ropes, but they also make fine clubs. Boarding axes were used to cut ropes and wreak havoc in rigging: they also made for lethal hand-to-hand weapons. Marlinspikes were spikes made of hardened wood or metal and were about the size of a railroad spike. They had a variety of uses onboard a ship but also made handy daggers or even clubs in a pinch. Most pirates also carried sturdy knives and daggers. The hand-held weapon most commonly associated with pirates is the saber: a short, stout sword, often with a curved blade. Sabers made for excellent hand weapons and also had their uses on board when not in battle. Firearms Firearms such as rifles and pistols were popular among pirates, but of limited use as loading them took time. Matchlock and Flintlock rifles were used during sea battles, but not as often in close quarters. Pistols were much more popular: Blackbeard himself wore several pistols in a sash, which helped him intimidate his foes. The firearms of the era were not accurate at any distance but packed a wallop at close range. Other Weapons Grenadoes were essentially pirate hand-grenades. Also called powder flasks, they were hollow balls of glass or metal which were filled with gunpowder and then fitted with a fuse. Pirates lit the fuse and threw the grenade at their enemies, often with devastating effect. Stinkpots were, as the name suggests, pots or bottles filled with some stinking substance: these were thrown onto the decks of enemy ships in the hope that the fumes would incapacitate the enemies, causing them to vomit and retch. Reputation Perhaps a pirates greatest weapon was his reputation. If the sailors on a merchant ship saw a pirate flag that they could identify as, say, Bartholomew Roberts, they would often immediately surrender instead of putting up a fight (whereas they might run from or fight a lesser pirate). Some pirates actively cultivated their image. Blackbeard was the most famous example: he dressed the part, with a fearsome jacket and boots, pistols and swords about his body, and smoking wicks in his long black hair and beard that made him look like a demon: many sailors believed he was, in fact, a fiend from Hell! Most pirates preferred not to fight: fighting meant lost crew members, damaged ships and perhaps even a sunken prize. Often, if a victim ship put up a fight, pirates would be harsh to the survivors, but if it surrendered peacefully, they would not harm the crew (and could even be quite friendly). This was the reputation that most pirates wanted. They wanted their victims to know that if they handed over the loot, they would be spared. Sources Cordingly, David. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 1996 Defoe, Daniel (Captain Charles Johnson). A General History of the Pyrates. Edited by Manuel Schonhorn. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1972/1999. Konstam, Angus. The World Atlas of Pirates. Guilford: The Lyons Press, 2009 Konstam, Angus. The Pirate Ship 1660-1730. New York: Osprey, 2003. Rediker, Marcus. Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age. Boston: Beacon Press, 2004. Woodard, Colin. The Republic of Pirates: Being the True and Surprising Story of the Caribbean Pirates and the Man Who Brought Them Down. Mariner Books, 2008.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Application to Imperial College Master in Finance Essay

Application to Imperial College Master in Finance - Essay Example Secondly, I could witness first-hand the environmental issues that are associated with that. I do not want to be too picky about where I find my first start, but I would like to begin my career within Asian financial hubs, such as Hong Kong and Singapore. The reasoning behind this is two-fold: I could familiarize myself with the Asian markets but I would also be able to network with many individuals who are working in the Asian financial industry. Tapping into their expertise will help me to form my own opinions and also give me the inside scoop on the inner workings of the financial markets in Asia. Please outline the challenges you think you will face in achieving these career goals and how you will overcome them? (200 words) A career in the financial industry can be extremely challenging and requires a solid academic background. I believe the curriculum offered at Imperial Business School will equip me with a range of skill sets beneficial to a career in trading. I look forward to studying Investment and Portfolio Management, Asset Pricing and Derivatives, and the Structured Credit and Equity Products modules, which will provide me with a theoretical framework of trading and investment strategies. Furthermore, traders need to be decisive and have market acumen. I am a retail investor in the Asian stock markets while I also have a trading account in the UK, where I constantly bet on commodities and foreign exchange rates. I believe my experience has made me aware of market movements and prepared me to work in this industry. Moreover, a career in trading also demands high quantitative skills. I have completed Mathematical Methods and Statistical Theories courses, which will serve as building blocks for taking advanced quantitative courses, such as Mathematics for Finance and Financial Econometrics at Imperial Business School. Additionally, professional qualifications would help me to break into this competitive market. Therefore, I have applied to take the CFA exam in June of 2013. Please describe your long term career goals or, if these are not clear, please outline the industry sectors that are of particular interest to you and why (200 words) After working as a commodity trader for a period of three years, I plan to join one of the top investment funds. This short experience as a trader would help form my decision-making processes and develop my market knowledge. Building on this experience, I believe I would learn more in-depth investment strategies and portfolio management skills by working with an investment fund. Ultimately, I would like to set up an environmental and ethical fund in China, where I would invest in environmentally-friendly companies, particularly those that are engaged in improving human health, safety, and the quality of life. Investors in China now are gradually increasing their interest in these companies. I truly believe that the emergence of such a fund would attract much public attention in China because the people want their society to change. Hopefully this would lead to Chinese companies disclosing more information about the environmental and social aspects of their public reports. Compounded with contemporary government policies that favour environmentally and ethically sound industries, I have strong faith that my fund will be an intermediary for investors to exercise market power on companies, shoulder greater social responsibilities, and move towards more

Indicators to Be Employed By Grant Donor Assignment - 1

Indicators to Be Employed By Grant Donor - Assignment Example Indicators of customer satisfaction include fast sale, increase in demand and receive new orders. Every business project is profit oriented and returns on capital employed stand as the main goal. That is why I consider that Finance perspective should focus on the cost control to ensure that in the long run income is more than the input. In a business process, the steps of what to do are provided to ensure that the end goal of profit making is achieved. It works with a target of minimizing cost so as to maximize returns. The ways of cost minimizing are wage cutting, reduction of advertising cost and reduction of employees. This is the level of deployment of the best practices an organization has defined for its Project Management process (Galliers & Leidner 2003). A lot of collaborative tools have to be designed in order to reach the recommended standard of Capability Maturity Model Integrated, a best practice framework for businesses dedicated to product development (Galliers & Leidner 2003). This part work with a clear set framework that covers areas like objectives, measures, target, and initiative. This gives everyone in the system a guide on what to do and the target goal is always indicated. For this case of study, I can bring out the best framework of a balanced scorecard as below. A balanced scorecard is used to evaluate the performance and future improvements of an organization. "Scorecard" signifies quantified performance measures in the process, financial performance, internal process, customers and learning, and growth. Balanced is an indicator showing if the system is balanced between short-term objectives and long-term objectives, financial measures and non-financial measures lagging indicators and leading indicators and internal performance and external performance perspectives (Goodpasture 2010).

Indicators to Be Employed By Grant Donor Assignment - 1

Indicators to Be Employed By Grant Donor - Assignment Example Indicators of customer satisfaction include fast sale, increase in demand and receive new orders. Every business project is profit oriented and returns on capital employed stand as the main goal. That is why I consider that Finance perspective should focus on the cost control to ensure that in the long run income is more than the input. In a business process, the steps of what to do are provided to ensure that the end goal of profit making is achieved. It works with a target of minimizing cost so as to maximize returns. The ways of cost minimizing are wage cutting, reduction of advertising cost and reduction of employees. This is the level of deployment of the best practices an organization has defined for its Project Management process (Galliers & Leidner 2003). A lot of collaborative tools have to be designed in order to reach the recommended standard of Capability Maturity Model Integrated, a best practice framework for businesses dedicated to product development (Galliers & Leidner 2003). This part work with a clear set framework that covers areas like objectives, measures, target, and initiative. This gives everyone in the system a guide on what to do and the target goal is always indicated. For this case of study, I can bring out the best framework of a balanced scorecard as below. A balanced scorecard is used to evaluate the performance and future improvements of an organization. "Scorecard" signifies quantified performance measures in the process, financial performance, internal process, customers and learning, and growth. Balanced is an indicator showing if the system is balanced between short-term objectives and long-term objectives, financial measures and non-financial measures lagging indicators and leading indicators and internal performance and external performance perspectives (Goodpasture 2010).

Friday, October 18, 2019

Practicum nursing service administration 3 Essay

Practicum nursing service administration 3 - Essay Example The standards includes maintenance of ethical standards, enhancing education, evidence based practice and research, enhancing environmental health, communication, leadership, collaboration, resource utilization, professional practice evaluation and enhancing quality performance. The paper outlines a reflection of the above stipulated standards. The code of ethics for nurses acts as a guide ensuring that nurses carries out their responsibilities in a manner that is consistent with the quality and ethical obligations of the profession. These obligations are stipulated in American Nursing Association. The standards of professional performance by ANA describes the behavioral competency in the role of the profession in activities that commensurate with quality while providing care; education; and appraisal of performance among many others. It promotes nursing profession by advocating for high level or standard practices ensuring that the rights of nurses are catered for at the work place. Nurses have an obligation to integrate ethical conducts in the different facets of their practices. Nurses in the profession have a mandate to not only to establish and maintain professional therapeutic, patients and nurse relationship but also discharge health care in such a way that the patient’s dignity, autonomy and rights are uphel d. They are also required to make ethical decisions while at work; report cases that are incompetent and illegal; and maintain and ensure patients on confidentiality within the boundaries of regulations and legal requirements. It is a nurse’s responsibility of being accountable for their nursing practices and evaluating ideal and correct task delegation mechanisms. These tasks ought to be consistent with their duties to provide appropriate care for the patients as per the required standards. The ethical code of conduct also stipulates that each nurse has an obligation of upholding the safety and integrity of their patient. Moreover,

Statement of purpose Personal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Of purpose - Personal Statement Example On the other hand, teachers are supposed to bless their students with an ample amount of opportunity to form and express their opinions about various happenings worldwide, so that they can develop the ability of critical thinking. Because, educated people are expected to think logically, which can be achieved through reading and discussing about several concepts across different professions in order to develop students with well rounded personality that will assist them in settling with any sort of job. However, developed countries are plagued with the dwelling concept of racism (Giles), while Arab nations are relatively better in this regard because of Islamic teachings of equality and inter-religious tolerance, which are playing an invincible role in purifying the society from racism beliefs. Therefore, Arab society is providing equal educational services to the children belonging from different ethnic and national centers on the globe. Furthermore, technological interventions in t he field of education proved them as enhancing agent for learning because, teachers can access internet in order to provide real life application of the subjects that they are teaching. So, in this way, technology helped students in relating the knowledge with the real time application, which in turn fostered the students’ belief in the practicality of the information that they gathered in the class (Watson and Watson). Thus, internet is participating notably in the effective education of the next generation. Moreover, MRI technology blessed medical students with an opportunity to study hidden human organs without threatening the life of an individual (Bevan, Senn-Reeves and Inventor); therefore, they are able to understand the interdependency of various human organs, which enabled them to devise increasingly effective treatments for commonly fatal diseases. In the light of above literature, the significant role of teachers in terms of shaping the future of the nation because , they are the ones with the responsibility of training and developing the future intellectual capital for the nations. However, teachers are benefiting from the internet in order to facilitate students’ learning process through making them witness the practical application of the knowledge they are learning, which will help them in relating the knowledge with the outside world that assist them in attaining excellence in their respective field. Nevertheless, teachers’ prime responsibility is to foster self-confidence of his or her students, so that they can make effective and timely decisions in their lives. At the same time, I consider myself fully capable of enrolling in the English doctorate program of Claremont University. Because, I posses sufficient experience in teaching English in international schools, which makes me an ideal candidate in this regard because, English is a necessary skill in order to survive in the shrinking global village, which is characteriz ed with the convergence of values and norms internationally. However, nationalism is becoming weakened in the globalized educational and economical world. Therefore, it is imperative for the students in Saudi Arabia to learn both oral and written English, so that they can be acceptable in the outside world. On the other hand, I can also integrate modern

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Does globalisation explain the crisis in European Welfare states Essay

Does globalisation explain the crisis in European Welfare states - Essay Example There is nothing much in common between the welfare regimes of major nations in the Western Europe as they function under varieties of capitalism. Of course, globalisation has certain effects on the welfare states in Europe, especially Britain and France. The increasingly intense economic competition from the new economic giants such as India and China has undermined the capabilities of the European states in retaining their economically less viable welfare measures. However, the extent of spending cuts and reduction in welfare provisions in the United Kingdom and France shows that it is the erosion of political consensus than economic necessities driving the current ‘rolling back of the welfare state’. The paper intends to argue that although globalisation has catalysed the process of shrinking of welfare state, it is not an adequate explanation for the grand scale reduction in spending on social security. For the purpose, it would examine the major turning points in th e history welfare state in Europe such as the oil crisis, the abandoning of gold standard, erosion of post war consensus on welfare and so on. Spending Cuts Going Ideological Globalisation is not simply about economic changes. The very beginning of globalisation was marked by the collapse of Soviet Union and the consequent rise of neoliberal orthodoxy and market fundamentalism. More than the economic crisis, it is the collapse of an ideologically coherent leftist politics that helps the neoliberal governments to go on with their anti-people politics of cuts. It is especially true in the case of Britain and France as the economic polices of these countries increasingly subsidise the super rich at the expense of ordinary tax payers. One could bear in mind that how eagerly the government in Britain bailed out big banks at the time of recession. It is ironical the same governments do not find funds for conserving vital community services such as schools and hospitals. In France and Brit ain, it is not difficult to see that economic polices are predominantly favouring the finance capital and speculators. The increasing homogenisation of political parties in terms of economic polices too is a reason for the rolling back of welfare regimes. For instance, in Britain, both the Labour party and the Conservative party prefer the same course correction measure to ‘recover’ the economy. Needless to say, such economic policies are derived from neoliberalism and Washington Consensus which ideologically opposes any kind of subsides to the poor and the weaker sections of the society. Globalisation has helped the transnational consolidation of elites who want to divert the economic resources for the welfare of the rich. Once could call it socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor. This consolidation is especially facilitated by the rise of far right groups in the United States, Britain and France. The Floating Currencies The invention of floating currencies was the beginning of the making economic globalisation. On August 15, 1971, the United States withdraw from the Bretton Woods system and it marked the end of Gold Exchange Standard. Here, the US dollar achieved the status of the exchange standard and became a floating currency. Britain also had to switch to floating system. Then, most of the countries of the West had followed the same. The difference is that in the new system each currency has to constantly fix

The Cannabis (Licensed Premises) Act 2000 (CLIP) (a fictitious act) Essay

The Cannabis (Licensed Premises) Act 2000 (CLIP) (a fictitious act) permits cannabis to be sold lawfully from licensed premises. Anyone wishing to sell cannabis - Essay Example Under the law, you are entitled to a fair assessment of your application and in the event of a denial such denial must be communicated to you replete with the reasons that the Council has for refusing your application. It is rudimentary under public and administrative law that a public agency must apprise a denied applicant the grounds for denying his application for license so that the applicant can prepare himself or herself with the appropriate rejoinders to such grounds for denial in the event that the applicant will elevate and appeal his case to the same board or a higher authority. In addition, flatly refusing you to put your case in person before the council, again without justification, so that you can appeal is in contravention of all known administrative procedural processes. The acts of the Bumbling Council, has in effect, denied you of your basic rights to notice and hearing under the fundamental tenets of due process constitutionally guaranteed by our laws. Existing statutory laws on premises licensing all enshrine these basic principles. The Licensing Act of 2003, for example, which is the current legislation and basis for premises licensing for use on licensable activities like alcohol sale and certain entertainment related businesses provide a mechanism for approving and denying applications. Specifically, Section 23 of Part 3 of the said law mandates the licensing authority to give notice of such denial with reasons, to wit: The CLIP, an older legislation, although silent on the matter is presumed to follow the elementary precepts of due process. In addition, the rationale for giving notice to the applicant of his denial and laying down therewith the grounds and reasons for such denial is founded not only on the basic principle of due process but for practical considerations as well. A denied applicant in premises licensing may seek to subsequently elevate his denied application to the magistrate court which will then

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Does globalisation explain the crisis in European Welfare states Essay

Does globalisation explain the crisis in European Welfare states - Essay Example There is nothing much in common between the welfare regimes of major nations in the Western Europe as they function under varieties of capitalism. Of course, globalisation has certain effects on the welfare states in Europe, especially Britain and France. The increasingly intense economic competition from the new economic giants such as India and China has undermined the capabilities of the European states in retaining their economically less viable welfare measures. However, the extent of spending cuts and reduction in welfare provisions in the United Kingdom and France shows that it is the erosion of political consensus than economic necessities driving the current ‘rolling back of the welfare state’. The paper intends to argue that although globalisation has catalysed the process of shrinking of welfare state, it is not an adequate explanation for the grand scale reduction in spending on social security. For the purpose, it would examine the major turning points in th e history welfare state in Europe such as the oil crisis, the abandoning of gold standard, erosion of post war consensus on welfare and so on. Spending Cuts Going Ideological Globalisation is not simply about economic changes. The very beginning of globalisation was marked by the collapse of Soviet Union and the consequent rise of neoliberal orthodoxy and market fundamentalism. More than the economic crisis, it is the collapse of an ideologically coherent leftist politics that helps the neoliberal governments to go on with their anti-people politics of cuts. It is especially true in the case of Britain and France as the economic polices of these countries increasingly subsidise the super rich at the expense of ordinary tax payers. One could bear in mind that how eagerly the government in Britain bailed out big banks at the time of recession. It is ironical the same governments do not find funds for conserving vital community services such as schools and hospitals. In France and Brit ain, it is not difficult to see that economic polices are predominantly favouring the finance capital and speculators. The increasing homogenisation of political parties in terms of economic polices too is a reason for the rolling back of welfare regimes. For instance, in Britain, both the Labour party and the Conservative party prefer the same course correction measure to ‘recover’ the economy. Needless to say, such economic policies are derived from neoliberalism and Washington Consensus which ideologically opposes any kind of subsides to the poor and the weaker sections of the society. Globalisation has helped the transnational consolidation of elites who want to divert the economic resources for the welfare of the rich. Once could call it socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor. This consolidation is especially facilitated by the rise of far right groups in the United States, Britain and France. The Floating Currencies The invention of floating currencies was the beginning of the making economic globalisation. On August 15, 1971, the United States withdraw from the Bretton Woods system and it marked the end of Gold Exchange Standard. Here, the US dollar achieved the status of the exchange standard and became a floating currency. Britain also had to switch to floating system. Then, most of the countries of the West had followed the same. The difference is that in the new system each currency has to constantly fix

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Evaluation of Immigration Customs and Enforcement Budget Essay

Evaluation of Immigration Customs and Enforcement Budget - Essay Example ICE has estimated 15,000 employees of which 400 are in the domestic and 50 are in international offices The budget allocation goes to various departments depending on the activities carried out; homeland security investigations, enforcement and various operations in the office of state. ICE is involved in the local and tribal coordination, principal legal advisory, professional responsibility, immigration and customs enforcement, professional responsibility. ICE is the primary investigative arm of the department of homeland security. ICE is a key component of the DHS layered defense approach to protecting our nation. There are various subcommittees that deal with the jurisdiction over each agency’s money and finance investigations, war and national defense statutes. There are more than 8,500 special Agents, making it the second largest federal law enforcement and criminal investigative agency .The urgency is headed by the office of the chief financial officer, Washington. ICE has the annual budget of more than $5.7 billion, the Management and administration activities for ICE. Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget (2011) states that the Management and administration activities include executive overall leadership direction, strategic and policy development.The budget is authorized by different people that deal with the allocations of the resources. The proposed outlay for the agency include; Science and technology operational research and enhancement program $17.9M, supply chain secure corridors pilot project $9.8 air cargo project $ 16.1M and automated carry-on detection project $ 1.1M. The actual outlay overview involves E-verify and staffing, automatic threat recognition project $6.1m, viable bio particle capture project $2.1M, National Bio and Agro- Defense facility construction $150.0. According to Lake (2010), there are various political influences on the budget allocation in the ICE. Operation community

Monday, October 14, 2019

Organizations group jobs and work functions into groups Essay Example for Free

Organizations group jobs and work functions into groups Essay 1. Chapter 7 addresses organizational structures (how organizations group jobs and work functions into groups). For example, a hospital may have hundreds or thousands of employees while a private physician’s office may have just a few employees. For the organizations below, describe which organizational structure they would likely use and why: †¢ A small physician’s office Smaller hospitals tend to have much simpler organizational structures. small business can use one of three primary organization structure options: functional, divisional or matrix. Essentially, the organizational structure creates a business hierarchy to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the business operations. Different small businesses operate in different ways, so there is no one-size-fits-all solution every small business should choose for an organizational structure. You can, however, determine which of the most common structures works for your business. Functional When you establish a functional organizational structure, you are building a hierarchy based on the job role of each employee. Functional organizational structure groups together employees who work toward a common goal. For example, all of your marketing employees would be in the same group. Even if you only have two or three employees who fulfill the marketing role of your small business, you would structure it so one person is in charge, such as the vice president of marketing. His team would consist of a marketing manager and a public relations manager. The functional structure provides focus to the employees, because they know they are working toward a common goal. In this example, the common goal is marketing and promoting the business. Divisional Divisional organizational structures decentralize the functional  organizational structure because the roles of the employees are divided by product or region, rather than function, within your business. For example, you could divide the United States into four divisions: north, east, south and west. Each division would then have its own employees. This provides each region with specialist in each area for that region. If your business sells different products, you can also separate roles by the product under a divisional organizational structure. Matrix Matrix organizational structures combine the characteristics of a functional and divisional organizational structure. The matrix organizational structure works more like a team. Instead of department heads, each team has a leader. Matrix organizational structures bring together employees who focus on a project, but fill different roles from across your business. The matrix organizational structure has the most decentralization, which means it can confuse employees about who is in charge. The matrix organizational structure is appropriate if your business operates on an international level, or serves different geographic regions. Trial and Error Many small business owners start off by structuring the business by trial and error, or in a haphazard manner. You could start the business with just you and an assistant until you learn more about the roles employees must fill within the organization. Changing Structures When your business starts small and then grows, it is not uncommon to start with one organizational structure and then transition to another structure. For example, if your business starts out by only serving the local city where the business operates, but eventually serves the state, you might start with one structure and change to another one to better fit the needs of your business and its customers. †¢ A hospital with one large facility in a city Large hospitals have complex organizational structures The organization structure of the HR department should comprise of the Director as head, HR manager, Assistant Managers and a number  of HR executives looking after recruitment; training;safety, security, general administration, labor, vigilance , government regulations and legal issues. The health care organizations also need to have a strong grievance redresal mechanism both for the staff and users of the facilities. This should be built inbuilt in the HR policy.Human Resource Management is the process of bringing people and organizations together sohe medical staff is a formally organized unit within the larger hospital organization. The president or chief of staff is the liaison between the hospital administration and members of the medical staff. Typically, the medical staff consists primarily of medical physicians, but it also may include other doctoral-level professionals, such as dentists and psychologist that the goals of each are met. The nursing division usually comprises the single largest component of the hospital’s organization. It is subdivided by the type of patient care delivered in the various medical specialties. These nursing units are composed of a number of patient beds grouped within a certain area to allow centralization of the special facilities, supplies, equipment, and personnel pertinent to the needs of patients with particular conditions. †¢ A major, nationwide insurance company The right structure and leadership to drive success. They are fortunate to have strong and committed leaders to help us deliver on their priorities and achieve their long-term vision for success as one company serving the needs of the members and business partners.† They can aid in decreasing the insurance coverage charges and support the person to figure out every single possible way to minimize premiums and increase protection. Most insurance businesses offer bundled deals where a person can merge more than 1 kind of coverage collectively so as to receive a discounted quality volume. The advantages include a one insurance policy service provider to make contact with and pay, as well as an reasonably priced plan for all your needs. If a person isnt asking the questions they feel ought to be answered, then the person is not actually getting the aid they want. When working with an agent or broker, take the time to satisfy that the agent or broker is experienced in a variety of kinds of insurance. Most states need licensing examinations and continuing education for  insurance producers. Question about these accreditations, knowledge in the discipline and any other variables that are crucial to you. 2. Chapter 17 addresses communication and information technology management. One of the common issues in any workplace is the quality and effectiveness of communications. Email is a form of personally addressed written communication that is common in nearly all work places. While people like using email, there are also drawbacks. Explain the pros and cons of using email messages. The pros of email are: It demands attention,which helps ensure that the receivers pay attention. Has enabled many workers and managers to become telecommuters, people who are employed by organizations and work out of offices in their own homes. Able to reach large numbers of receivers. The cons of email are The growing abuse of email. Employees sexually harras coworkers through email, and divorcing spouses who work together sometimes sign their spouses name to email and send insulting or derogatory messages to the spouses boss. Top managers also complain that sometimes their email is clogged with junk mail. Problems with email systems also happen alot. Unlikely feedback. Information overload.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management Essay -- Tourism Hospita

The need for high-quality leaders in the hospitality industry has been readily recognised and is seen as critical to the long-term well-being of the industry. In recent years, the industry has undergone something of a sea change in its gender composition, with increasing numbers of females graduating from hospitality and tourism management courses. This suggests that the gender composition of managerial ranks is likely to change in the medium term, with concurrent changes in the typical leadership style valued in the industry. This article seeks to explore and quantify the differences in gender-based perceptions of leadership styles and outcomes in the hospitality industry. Using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ; Bass & Avelio, 1995), a well-established self-administered instrument, the researchers used a "snowballing" technique to recruit a self-selected sample of 264 hospitality employees. These employees work in a variety of sectors in the hospitality industry, includ ing large international-style hotels, small franchised motels, food and beverage operations and contract catering, and at levels ranging from junior staff to senior property and site managers. The data indicated that despite their similarities, there were a number of subtle but significant differences between males and females in terms of the behaviours used and the extent to which various behaviours contributed to successful leadership outcomes, One potentially confounding result was the high emphasis placed upon the "contingent reward leadership style" by females and may be explained by the female's desire for clear, open and transparent communication. More generally, the differences between males and females were manifested in the form of the males placing greater emphasis on "confronting" and "sporting" leadership styles while the females placed greater emphasis on leadership styles which are built upon clear and concise communication and a greater focus on personal consideratio n for the team members. However, these subtle differences warrant further investigation--possibly using a more holistic approach-such as a 360 degree assessment or semi-structured interviews. ********** This study sought to explore and quantify the differences in gender-based perceptions of leadership styles and outcomes in the hospitality industry. Leadership studies in the hospitality industry ... ...use, R.J., & Shamir, B. (1993). Toward the integration of transformational, charismatic and visionary theories. Leadership theory and research perspectives and directions (pp. 81-107). New York: Academic Press. Howell, J.M., & Avolio, B. (1993). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, locus of control and support for innovation. Key predictors of consolidated business unit performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 891-902. Manning, T.T. (2002). Gender, managerial level, transactional leadership and work satisfaction. Women in Management Review, 17(5), 207-216. Tejada, M.J., Scandura, T.A., & Pillai, R. (2001). The MLQ revisited. Psychometric properties and recommendations. The Leadership Quarterly, 12, 31-52. Tracey, J., & Hinkin, T.R. (1994). Transformational leaders in the hospitality industry. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 35(2), 18-24. Correspondence Paul Whitelaw, Senior Lecturer, School of Hospitality, Tourism and Marketing, Faculty of Business and Law, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Vic 8001, Australia. Email: Paul.Whitelaw@vu.edu.au Paul Whitelaw and Romana Morda Victoria University, Australia

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Essay --

The World Bank is a specialized agencies of the United Nations. Their stated purpose is to reduce poverty through low-interest loans, interest-free loans at banking and economic aid to developing nations. It is consist of 185 members. This organization was created in 1944 and it is headquartered at Washington, DC, United States. The World Bank Group have five specialized multilateral agencies of the United Nations: 1. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) have 185 member countries. It was created in 1945, aims to achieve poverty reduction in developing countries and middle-income and creditworthy, providing financial advice on economic management. Certainly is the main branch of the World Bank Group, having to belong to him for membership of any of the following organizations. (Learn Economics) 2. The International Development Association (IDA) have as member to 166 countries. It was created in 1960, the members of this association made contributions that allow the World Bank (WB) provide around 6,000 and 7,000 million dollars annually in credit, with a very low interest, to those 78 countries that are considered the poorest. The international development association is very important for those countries, called "developing", who cannot get financing at market circumstance. This give money for the development of services such as education, housing, water, sanitation, and making investments and reforms to promote productivity and increasing employment. (Learn Economics) 3. According to Lear Economics, the International Finance Corporation (IFC) have as member 179 countries. it was created in 1956, this corporation is responsible to foment the economic in developing countries with the help of private sect... ...try that has the largest number of shares (together with the International Monetary Fund) and therefore has a great influence on the direction of the organization. Due to its great number of shares, is also the only country with veto rights. Generally, members of the Board of Governors are finance ministers or development of the member countries. They meet once a year at the annual Board of Governors of the World Bank Group and International Monetary Fund. (Preserves Articles) Since the Board of Governors meets once a year only, delegating specific tasks to 25 executive directors who work in the offices of the World Bank. The five largest shareholders of the World Bank are France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States, who each choose an executive director, while other member countries are represented by the remaining 19 CEOs. (The World Bank) â€Æ'

Friday, October 11, 2019

Good or Bad?

Good or Bad? Do you ever wonder if you are good or bad? The potential for evil scares many people. Most people these days strive to be the best they can be. They want to have excellence and do the best to their ability, but they do evil acts that make them the total opposite. Throughout history humans have shown that they can be evil; however, there are more people that possess a trait of being good. There are many ways people can be depicted as being â€Å"good†. One of those ways would be someone doing a courageous act in the face of adversity.For example, when the Pilgrims came to the United States, they had no idea what they were getting themselves into. Many things could’ve happened to them when they came here, but they came here anyways. Another could be the soldiers, from the Army to the Marines to the Air Force to the Navy; they all serve a special purpose in the world. While risking their lives, they are saving ours and protecting our country. Firemen and Polic e have an abundance of courage saving our lives as well as soldiers.They are all out in the world trying to save our lives. Sometimes you may not want to be good or act that way, but it is always the right thing to do. In the world, there is a considerable amount of people in the world who are in fact â€Å"evil†. They might not realize it frequently, but they are. One way could be using your anger and turning into violence. Violence can be used toward humans and even animals. Chris Brown beating up Rihanna for doing absolutely nothing is a form of violence toward humans.Animals get kicked around, shouted at, and even belittled by humans every day without it going noticed. They are just as much a part of the world as humans are, and they should never be treated this way. The fact that they can’t defend themselves makes it even worse. Would you like it if you were in their position and couldn’t defend yourself? Violence is never the answer even when you think it is. There are ways for good and evil to coexist as one. Your ego is the way you feel or see yourself.This could be good in ways and bad in others. A â€Å"good† ego can make you strive to be a better human and to strive for better things in life. Unlike having a â€Å"good† ego, â€Å"bad† ego’s or an â€Å"over inflated† ego is when others think that you are better than everyone else. Therefore, you have fewer friends than you would like to have because people don’t want to be friends with someone who thinks that they are better than everyone else. Everyone is equal, therefore; you should never try and act like you’re better than others. Good or Bad? Good or Bad? Do you ever wonder if you are good or bad? The potential for evil scares many people. Most people these days strive to be the best they can be. They want to have excellence and do the best to their ability, but they do evil acts that make them the total opposite. Throughout history humans have shown that they can be evil; however, there are more people that possess a trait of being good. There are many ways people can be depicted as being â€Å"good†. One of those ways would be someone doing a courageous act in the face of adversity.For example, when the Pilgrims came to the United States, they had no idea what they were getting themselves into. Many things could’ve happened to them when they came here, but they came here anyways. Another could be the soldiers, from the Army to the Marines to the Air Force to the Navy; they all serve a special purpose in the world. While risking their lives, they are saving ours and protecting our country. Firemen and Polic e have an abundance of courage saving our lives as well as soldiers.They are all out in the world trying to save our lives. Sometimes you may not want to be good or act that way, but it is always the right thing to do. In the world, there is a considerable amount of people in the world who are in fact â€Å"evil†. They might not realize it frequently, but they are. One way could be using your anger and turning into violence. Violence can be used toward humans and even animals. Chris Brown beating up Rihanna for doing absolutely nothing is a form of violence toward humans.Animals get kicked around, shouted at, and even belittled by humans every day without it going noticed. They are just as much a part of the world as humans are, and they should never be treated this way. The fact that they can’t defend themselves makes it even worse. Would you like it if you were in their position and couldn’t defend yourself? Violence is never the answer even when you think it is. There are ways for good and evil to coexist as one. Your ego is the way you feel or see yourself.This could be good in ways and bad in others. A â€Å"good† ego can make you strive to be a better human and to strive for better things in life. Unlike having a â€Å"good† ego, â€Å"bad† ego’s or an â€Å"over inflated† ego is when others think that you are better than everyone else. Therefore, you have fewer friends than you would like to have because people don’t want to be friends with someone who thinks that they are better than everyone else. Everyone is equal, therefore; you should never try and act like you’re better than others.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

International and Transnational Crimes

International/Transnational Crimes Saphia Christopher Strayer University CRJ 330 Professor Ackerman International crimes can be described as â€Å"crimes against the peace and security of mankind†. International crimes are based on international agreements between countries or on legal precedents developed through history, and include offenses such as such as genocide, torture, and enslavement of populations. These are among the acts identified by consensus among nations as being illegal everywhere. Dammer & Albanese, 2011). The Foca rape case verdict in February 2001 was the first time that individuals were convicted for rape as a crime against humanity. The Foca rape case was prosecuted by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (the ICTY) in an effort to bring to justice those responsible for crimes against humanity in the war in Bosnia. Prior to the Foca rape case no one had ever been convicted of rape as a crime against humanity.Rape causes serious b odily or mental harm and international criminal tribunals have indicated that rape can constitute genocide when it is directed toward destroying a national, ethnic, racial or religious group. Under international law the crime of rape is a physical invasion of a sexual nature, which is not limited to a physical invasion of the body and may involve acts where there is no penetration or even physical contact (Parker, 2010). The prosecution in the Foca rape case argued the use of rape in attacks on civilians was widespread and systematic.To support this allegation the prosecution worked to show that the tactic was repeated and continuous (systematic) and that what had happened in Foca was a representative sample of Serbian methods of ethnic cleansing in Bosnia (widespread). The court ruled that these acts of rape were recognized as crimes against humanity because they were part of a systematic and widespread campaign and the acts included elements of enslavement (Parker, 2010). Transnat ional crimes are offenses whose inception, acts, and impact involve more than one country.These crimes usually involve the provision of illicit goods or illicit services, or the infiltration of business or government (Dammer & Albanese, 2011). Transnational organized crime is not stagnant, but is an ever-changing industry, adapting to markets and creating new forms of crime. In short, it is an illicit business that transcends cultural, social, linguistic and geographical boundaries and one that knows no borders or rules. Drug trafficking continues to be the most lucrative form of business for criminals, with an estimated annual value of $320 billion.In 2009, UNODC placed the approximate annual worth of the global cocaine and opiate markets alone at $85 billion and $68 billion, respectively (UNODC, 2012). Jacob Saul Stuart, 39, pleaded guilty in November 2011 to conspiracy to distribute controlled substances and conspiracy to commit money laundering. DEA and HSI special agents, using court authorized wiretaps, determined Stuart's smuggling ring was transporting and distributing up to 2,000 pounds of marijuana and as much as 440 pounds of cocaine every month. The operation involved smuggling marijuana into the U. S. rom Canada, where it was distributed across the country to California, Illinois, Missouri, Georgia and New Jersey, among other locations. Proceeds from the marijuana sales were then used to purchase cocaine in Southern California. The cocaine was delivered to members of the outlaw motorcycle gang Hells Angels in British Columbia for distribution in Canada. Over the course of the investigation, officials seized more than $2 million and 300 pounds of cocaine; and more than 2,200 pounds of marijuana from locations across the country. Jacob Stuart was subsequently sentenced to fifteen years in prison (DHS, 2012). ReferencesDammer, H. and Albanese, J. (2011). Comparative criminal justice systems. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning Parker, J. (2010). Rape as an I nternational Crime. Retrieved October 22, 2012 from: http://www. opednews. com/articles/1/RAPE-AS-AN-INTERNATIONAL-C-by-Janet-Parker-101204-241. html N. A. (2012) Transnational Drug Ring Leader: Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved October 22, 2012 from: http://www. ice. gov/news/releases/1210/121019seattle2. htm N. A. (2012) Transnational Organized Crime: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Retrieved October 22, 2012 from: http://www. unodc. org/toc/en/crimes/organized-crime. html

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

An Essay

Even though Romans is not a complete worldview r a Christian worldview it certainly directs us in the right way of how we should view the world. What does Romans inform us regarding Creation When we look at Romans chapter 8: 19-25, believe here Paul is talking about Adam and Jesus. Everybody thinks that God knows everything going to happen, and the truth is I believe he knows. The one thing I really believe that God knows everything, but he does give us free choice and maybe just one time he's hoping he doesn't know that were going to, and maybe instead of choosing the wrong we would choose Him.The curse is Adam when he first mined not just for his self but also for every birth from then on. Jesus then comes as the sacrificial sheep. One man to curse all of mankind and one man to save all Of mankind. Natural Creation There is no doubt about finding God's creation in Romans. In chapter 1:20-21 proves of his existence and power, verse 20 states that since the creation of the world God' s invisible quality -his eternal power and divine nature. God has no doubt that this is his creation and God is always made himself available to us. God created verse man and woman to have a natural relationship, which man and woman.Man started to make idols out of gold, of birds and animals and reptiles. Man's heart was not in the right place for the creator it was for sinful lust, since their heart was not right with God and instead had all this unnatural lusts God let it happen. Men started having sex with men and even their women was having sex with other women. Their acts were unnatural from one God one God wanted of the most one man one woman until the end of time. Sins in Roman Sin is mention several times in Romans, Paul tells us that we all have sin and we all fall short of the glory of God.Paul also explained to us that through the away no one will be saved, but the law lets us recognize what sin is. 6:23 tells us that that the punishment for sin is death. Whereas if we el ect to serve Jesus, we are promised eternal life. This is a condition that cannot be fixed by any man, that only Jesus dying on the cross for us was the only way we as mortal humans and sinful by nature could be saved. Salvation In Romans Paul talked to us about salvation and the only way that we could ever be saved with salvation was through Jesus dying on the cross for us.We know that Jesus was a descendent of David, and the one thing that he as supposed to do was to be the sacrificial sheep for our sins. So without Jesus we would never found salvation because we were not covered under the first covenant, but under the new covenant we were accepted because Jesus gave his life for us. So this was the nature and mission of Jesus Christ and justification by faith is believing and Jesus the son of God. Because of our faith and our believe Christ the moment that we accepted Jesus we were given the Holy Spirit which would sanctify us and give us empowerment to do the things that Jesus d id himself.Eschatology In Romans 5:20 we see were Paul is saying that because of the law being added was so that basically trespasses might increase. You would think of Paul is against on is that we have no hope, but he is also that were sin increases grace will increase also. God has new mercies for us every day in new Hope always be there no matter what we've done we can go and repented God because Jesus made a way for us to live that one day we may have eternal life. When we look at Romans 8:18-25 Paul is telling us that we should not compare are suffering to the glory that will be ours when the time moms.The glory Will be greater than any suffering we have ever been subject to. Romans 13:11-14 Paul is telling us that our Christian worldview and the obedience that we have Jesus through our faith one day we will be victorious against Satan, death and sin Ethics In Romans 8:8-21 we will find that Paul bases the ethics on love. In verse eight Paul is telling us that no matter what w e do we need to do it cheerfully, delicately and we need to show mercy follows is all up in nine telling us that love must be since. That anything evil we should hate, we should cling to what is good.And the next versus is instructed how we should, and we should never commit adultery we should always respect with love. Chapter 8 sums up the things that we should do we love and not be afraid to do them. Theology There are several verses in here were Paul talks about God even though his letter is non-about God its more about justification. When we look at 1:17 here Paul is trying to tell us that there is a righteousness that is revealed from God. Paul states it is from first to last the righteousness will live by faith.

Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 26

Personal Statement - Essay Example My experience while in University was also acutely critical in the development of my career. After the training, I decided to look for a job and landed myself in a classroom, where I taught students. This enabled me to use my talent and pass information to others in the society in order to improve their understanding and conceptualization of ideas and theories projected by theorists. For six months, I worked as a volunteer at a secondary school during the evening. During the day, I was also pursuing my teaching skills in a secondary school where I got to share and obtain knowledge and ideas on what others think and know about Kurdish people. However, in 2009, I left my work and moved to the UK. Living in the UK, as a Kurdish, has enabled me to attain ESOL entry two and three plus speaking and listening of level one, not forgetting math for level one and two. All this is essential for my communication skills and has been of help towards attaining literacy and reading for level one and GCSE math. While here, I learnt how to support myself with a part time volunteer job as a receptionist. This has led me to choose my postgraduate course. MA in Kurdish studies is the postgraduate course I am intending to pursue since it gives me a wider understanding and knowledge on Kurdish regions found in the Middle East. This course gives me an in-depth understanding of the societies, literature, international relations and politics linked to Kurdish group. This dissertation is my choice of study because it interests me and enlightens me on the political, economic and social developments and origins. I will also get a chance to familiarize myself with the regions contemporary settings and institutional structures thus, will boost their activities and history for others to appreciate and acknowledge. The purpose of studying this course is to gain further insights on my region’s culture and tradition. It intrigues me to learn about the history of my clans men

Monday, October 7, 2019

The Reality of Work Cultures in the Modern Economy Essay

The Reality of Work Cultures in the Modern Economy - Essay Example Work culture plays a significant part in bringing the best out of workers and enabling them stay in the work place for a prolonged period. Work culture is significant as it leads to contented workers and enhanced productivity. Richard Sennett asserts that individuals’ work culture will be defined by the novel ideas of flexibility, decentralization and control, flextime, work ethics and teamwork, and change. Moreover, the stated concepts have an impact on character as articulated by commitment and loyalty and eventually lead to the lessening of personal traits and values that are attractive in society (Sennett 1999, p. 9). The modern way of working makes it extremely demanding to get a life as asserted by Sennett. He claims that the personal effects of work in the New Economy have made the individual to be disoriented due to notions such as flexibility, decentralization and control, flextime, work ethics and teamwork, and change. In the contemporary way of life, there has been a spatial modification of work activities on a universal degree, as space and geography have become significantly essential components of work, labour relations, and labour markets (Sennett 1999, p. 9). This means that workers will use most of their time trying to engage in activities that will help them adapt to new working requirements, therefore, it will be difficult for them to get a life. Nonetheless, modern way of working has enhanced connections between individuals, nations, and organizations. This has been made possible by developments in technology and has made it extremely simple to transport people, capital, and commod ities in and across regions as a rapid speed. This has also made employers, customers, and employees focus solely on work activities, and losing their individual existence, hence not getting a life. In addition, the modern way of working has liberated employers from standard spatial and temporal restrictions and facilitated them to position their work activities finely and to gain inexpensive sources of labour. Therefore, workers who provide their labour in exchange for low wages cannot have a life simply because their income cannot match their needs (Golden 2001, p. 240). Moreover, the modern way of working entails developments in communication and information technologies. These advances permit capitalists to impose restraint over spatially and decentralized distributed labour processes. Also, in the contemporary way of working, an individual has to engage in activities that will maintain and enhance their job skills. This will help them to keep up with shifting job needs. Numerou s people find it demanding to find ways of staying employable in a rapid-changing working environment in which talents become quickly out of date. Unlike employees of the early periods, modern day workers are most probable to go back to school or engage in activities that will enhance their talents as they change careers. This will make it difficult to get a life as argued by Sennett. Sennett highlights flexibility, decentralization and control, flextime, work ethics and teamwork, and change as the issues which lead to the corrosion of character. For Charles Stuart Mill flexibility signified the source of individual freedom and which continues to have an impact on our comprehension of the flexibility notion. Sennett asserts that search for flexibility has lead to the development of new structures of control

Sunday, October 6, 2019

America's Involvement in WWII and Vietnam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

America's Involvement in WWII and Vietnam - Essay Example In the late 1938, Hitler continued with violent Nazi policies that discriminated against the Jews in Germany which led to several deaths of the Jewish people. Moreover, Hitler and his Nazi army attacked Poland and France who finally surrendered to Hitler. Consequently, the U.S president Roosevelt decided to circumvent the neutrality act and assist the British by sending them weapons secretly going against the public demands to stay out of the European war. Committees were formed in America which perpetuated the neutrality act and a larger population supported it until when Japan started bombing America’s Pearl harbour. Consequently, America declared war on Japan which led to Germany and Italy declaring war on America thus the beginning of America’s involvement in the world war two. The United States joined the Vietnam War to stop spread of communism in East Asia. Moreover, the North Vietnamese anticipated support of Americans and successfully fought back the South Vietnamese. However, the military situation began to lose ground in South Vietnam and it was blamed on Diem’s corruption. Consequently, the then U.S president J.F Kennedy’s government organised a coup d’etat which led to Diem’s death. The American government began establishing attacks secretly against the North Vietnam because of their communist government (Tucker). Moreover, U.S president Johnson who took over after Kennedy’s death, ordered for a surveillance mission at the coast of North Vietnam. Furthermore, the South Vietnam were supplied with weapons and trained by Americans. In addition American destroyers passed beyond the boundaries of Gulf of Tonkin which led to the North Vietnamese troops firing at them. Consequently, Johnson declared war on the North Vietnam and the American public supported the move of war on Vietnam. The war began in Vietnam which led to the Tet offensive committed by the North

Saturday, October 5, 2019

Social Responsibility in Coffee Industry and High Street Retailing Essay

Social Responsibility in Coffee Industry and High Street Retailing - Essay Example In case of the international supply chain, a major problem emerges from the difference in religion. Another persistent problem is the infringement of intellectual property rights, especially when production is shifted from one location to another. It is often a matter of debate between the companies and middlemen regarding their fair share in the value creation process. Adhering to corporate social responsibilities poses to be a challenge in both these sectors and therein lay the main ethical problems (Schlegelmilch and Ãâ€"berseder, 2007). Even so, in the coffee manufacturing industry, problems pertaining to agriculture and distribution of end products are considered to be the main issues of supply chain management; whereas, in high-end retailing, the problems are mainly related to labor injustice and lack of adequate facilities. In comparison, ethical problems in coffee industry are lower in number since only the agricultural and distribution aspects are labor intensive. The more labor-intensive an industry is, the more are the issues relating to ethics, which is the case of retailing. However, most of these issues can be dealt with if interests of each group are well-managed. Case study and research play a significant role in this regard (Barrientos, 2012). The needs of interest groups and the way to deliver the same must be carefully thought upon and executed. Interest groups here refer to different parties involved in the business such as suppliers, logistics providers, and consumers. Consumers are often not satisfied with the increased use of biotechnology in coffee production, whereby fertilizers and high growth organic supplements are used to improve production. Studies reveal that they pose threats to the health. Under such a scenario, it is justified for consumers to be agitated. Therefore, it becomes a matter of consideration for producers to reduce the usage of chemicals in production as much as possible. Many companies have also chosen the path of outsourcing their production work to more than one nation. This lowers the labor pressure as well as generates employment opportunities in other nations. For instance, if companies decide to outsource garment production to not only Bangladesh but also to countries like Thailand and H ong Kong, it will reduce the high work pressure in Bangladesh (Isen, 2012).